APA Citations

Examples of How to Document Sources

Books	Articles	Electronic Sources	Other Sources
1 Author	Article from Journal Paginated by Volume	Electronic Journal Article	Personal Communication
2 Authors	Article from Journal Paginated by Issue	Article from Newspaper Website	Motion Pictures
3-6 Authors	Magazine Article	Newspaper Article from Electronic Database	Television Series
More than 6 Authors	Newspaper Article	Website	Single Episode of a Television Series
Organization as Author	Newspaper Article with Unknown Author	Electronic Mailing List (LISTSERV)	Music Recording
Book Chapter	Letter to the Editor	E-mail
Secondary Source	Review	Video from YouTube Website
Edited Book		Ebook (Entire Book)
No Author or Editor		Ebook (Chapter)
Edition Other than First		Blog Posting
Translated Work
Multivolume Work
Encyclopedia Entry

Need more help with APA in-text citations? Here are some additional in-text citation examples:

Need more help? Try Asking a Librarian and other resources.

Examples

Book with One Author

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of book. Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

Bigelow, B. (2006). The line between us: Teaching about the border and Mexican immigration. Milwaukee: Rethinking Schools.

In-text Citation Example:

(Bigelow, 2006)

Bigelow (2006) discusses the Mexican immigrant experience.

Top

Book with Two Authors

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of Publication). Title of book. Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

Mock, D. W., & Parker, G. A. (1997). The evolution of sibling rivalry. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

In-text Citation Example:

(Mock & Parker, 1997)

Mock and Parker (1997) discuss the origins of family structure . . .

Top

Book with Three to Six Authors

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year of Publication). Title of book. Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

Garner, J. F., Smith, H. L., & Piland, N. F. (1990). Strategic nursing management: Power and responsibility in a new era. Rockville, MD: Aspen.

In-text Citation Example:

For the first in-text citation, cite all of the authors.

(Garner, Smith, & Piland, 1990)

Or:

Garner, Smith, and Piland (1990) discuss the origins of . . .

For subsequent in-text citations, cite the first author followed by et al.

(Garner et al., 1990)

Or:

Garner et al. (1990) discuss the origins of . . .

Top

Book with More than 6 Authors

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F., et al. (Year of Publication). Title of book. Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

After the sixth author's name, use et al.

Reference List Example:

Dacso, S. T., Dacso, C. C., Brelhan, C. U., Harlow, K. C., Jaffee-Neer, M. S., Rumsey, M., et al. (1995). Managed care answer book. NY: Panel.

In-text Citation Format:

(Dacso, et al., 1995)

Or:

Dacso et al. (1995)

Top

Book with Organization as Author

Reference List Format:

Name of Organization. (Year of Publication). Title of book. Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

American Psychiatric Association. (1998). Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with panic disorder. Washington, DC: Author.

When the publisher is the same as the author, use the word Author for the name of the publisher.

In-text Citation Examples:

For the first in-text citation use:

(American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1998)

Or:

American Psychiatric Association (APA, 1998)

For subsequent citations use:

(APA, 1998)

Or:

APA (1998)

For universities as authors do not abbreviate the name.

Top

Chapter of a Book

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of chapter. In A. A. Editor & B. B. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. chapter page numbers). Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

Kozminski, A. K. (1994). High-speed management and global competition. In S. S. King & D. P. Cushman (Eds.), High-speed management and organizational communications in the 1990s: A reader (pp. 41-67). Albany: State University of New York Press.

In-text Citation Example:

(Kozminski, 1994)

Or:

(Kozminski, 1994, p. 62)

Top

Secondary Source (A Source that Cites Another Source)

In the reference list cite the secondary source (the source that you have read). In the text of the paper, name the original source of information. An example would be Sontag's On Photography cited in Zelizer's book Remembering to Forget, and you have not read Sontag's original work.

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of book. Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

Zelizer, B. (2003). Remembering to forget: Holocaust memory through the camera's eye. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

In-text Citation Example:

... asserts Sontag (as cited in Zelizer, 2003)

Top

Edited Book

Reference List Format:

Editor, A. A. (Ed.). (Year of Publication). Title of book. Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

For more than one editor, use Eds.

Reference List Example:

Madan, T. N. (Ed.). (1991). Religion in India. Delhi: Oxford University Press.

In-text Citation Example:

(Madan, 1991)

Or:

Madan (1991)

Top

No Author or Editor

Reference List Format:

Title of book (edition number ed.). (Year of Publication). Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

The American heritage dictionary of the English language (4^th ed.). (2000). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Within the reference list, alphabetize works with no author by the first significant word in the title (American in this case).

In-text Citation Example:

(American Heritage Dictionary, 2000)

Or:

American Heritage Dictionary (2000)

For the in-text citation, use a few words of the title in place of the author's name.

Top

Edition other than First

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of book (edition number ed.). Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

Bukatko, D. & Daehler, M. W. (2004). Child development: A thematic approach (5th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

In-text Citation Example:

(Bukatko & Daehler, 2004)

Or:

Bukatko and Daehler (2004)

Top

Translated Book

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication for English Translation). Title of book (Name of Translator, Trans.). Place of Publication: Name of Publisher. (Original work published [Date of Original Publication])

Reference List Example:

Freud, S. (1999). The interpretation of dreams (J. Crick, Trans.). NY: Oxford. (Original work published 1899)

In-text Citation Example:

(Freud, 1899/1999)

Or:

Freud (1899/1999)

Top

Multivolume Work

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year(s) of Publication). Title of book (Vols. X-X). Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

Cook, B. W. (1992-1999). Eleanor Roosevelt (Vols. 1-2). NY: Viking.

In-text Citation Example:

(Cook, 1992-1999)

Or:

Cook (1992-1999)

Top

Encyclopedia Entry

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of encyclopedia article. In Title of encyclopedia (Vol. Volume Number, pp. page numbers). Place of Publication: Name of Publisher.

Reference List Example:

Mayes, A. R. & Hunkin, M. M. (2003). Amnesia. In Encyclopedia of cognitive science (Vol. 1, pp. 90-97). London: Nature Publishing Group.

In-text Citation Example:

(Mayes & Hunkin, 2003)

Or:

Mayes and Hunkin (2003)

Top

Article from Journal Paginated by Volume*

Journals paginated by volume use continuous pagination from issue to issue. For example issue one starts with page one and goes to page 252. Issue two starts with page 253 and goes to page 506. For journals paginated by volume, do not include the issue number in the reference list entry.

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of article. Journal Title, volume, page numbers.

Reference List Example:

Zhao, Z. (2006). Income inequality, unequal health care access, and mortality in China. Popoulation and Development Review, 32, 401-446.

In-text Citation Example:

(Zhao, 2006)

*If you see a DOI printed on the article, include it at the end of your citation in this format. If you do not see a DOI, search for the article at CrossRef.org for the DOI. If you are unable to find a DOI, use the above format.

Top

Article from Journal Paginated by Issue*

Journals paginated by issue start with page one for every issue. For these journals, include the issue number in the reference list entry.

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of article. Journal Title, volume(issue number), page numbers.

Reference List Example:

Greenberg, A. (2001). Race, religiosity, and the women's vote. Women & Politics, 22(3), 59-82.

In-text Citation Example:

(Greenberg, 2001)

Top

Magazine Article

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Full Date of Publication). Title of article. Magazine Title, volume, page numbers.

Reference List Example:

Ravilious, K. (2006, November/December). Scots on the rocks: Mountaineering archaeologists reach new heights of discovery. Archaeology, 27, 16-21.

In-text Citation Example:

(Ravilious, 2006)

Top

Newspaper Article

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Full Date of Publication). Title of article. Newspaper Title, page number(s) preceded by p. or pp.

Reference List Example:

Donelly, J. (2006, November 9). SARS authority picked to lead health group. Boston Globe, p. A14.

In-text Citation Example:

(Donelly, 2006)

Top

Newspaper Article with Unknown Author

Reference List Format:

Title of article. (Full Date of Publication). Newspaper Title, page number.

Reference List Example:

Number of out-of-wedlock births a record. (2006, November 26). Hartford Courant, p. A7.

Within the reference list, alphabetize works with no author by the first significant word in the title.

In-text Citation Example:

("Number of Out-of-Wedlock Births," 2006)

For the in-text citation, use a few words of the title in place of the author's name. Include double quotation marks around the title of the article.

Top

Letter to the Editor

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Full Date of Publication). Title of article [Letter to the editor]. Newspaper Title, page number.

Reference List Example:

Arsham, J. (2006, November 9) At last she has reason to wave a flag [Letter to the editor]. Boston Globe, p. A16.

In-text Citation Example:

(Arsham, 2006)

Top

Review

Reference List Format:

Author of the Review. (Date of Publication). Title of article [Review of Title of book being reviewed]. Journal Title, volume, page numbers.

Reference List Example:

Ellis, N. (2006). London chiming [Review of the book Postcolonial London: Rewriting the metropolis]. Postcolonial Studies, 9, 337-342.

In-text Citation Example:

(Ellis, 2006)

If citing a review of another medium, such as a motion picture, use Review of the motion picture in brackets. Example: [Review of the motion picture To catch a thief]

Top

Electronic Journal Article

In June 2007, the APA made changes to how electronic sources were documented. If an article has a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), use the DOI in place of a URL or electronic database name. The retrieval date is no longer needed. Since a DOI string can be very long, copy and paste it into your paper to ensure accuracy.

Not sure what a DOI is, and how to find it?

Article with a DOI*

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of article. Journal Title, volume(issue number), print page numbers. doi:xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Reference List Example:

Humphrey, L. L. (1986). Structural analysis of parent-child relationships in eating disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(4), 395-402. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.95.4.395

In-text Citation Example:

(Humphrey, 1986)

Article without a DOI*

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of article. Journal Title, volume(issue number), print page numbers. Retrieved from [URL]

Reference List Examples:

Salama, A. M. (2008). A theory for integrating knowledge in architectural design education. Archnet- IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, 2(1), 100-128. Retrieved from http://archnet.org/gws/IJAR/8821/files_8181/2.1.07%20-a.%20salama-pp100-128.pdf

If an article can be accessed for free, then give the exact URL of the article, as in the example above. If the article is accessible by subscription only, then give the URL of the journal's home page.

If the article comes from an electronic database, then give the URL from the database's home or menu page, as in the example below.

Chavez, L. (2006). The realities of immigration. Commentary, 122(1), 34-41. Retrieved from http://find.galegroup.com/itx/start.do?prodId=EAIM&userGroupName=a04fu

In-text Citation Example:

(Chavez, 2006)

*You do not need to put the issue number if the journal is is paginated by volume. Journals paginated by volume use continuous pagination from issue to issue. For example issue one starts with page one and goes to page 252. Issue two starts with page 253 and goes to page 506. For journals paginated by volume, do not include the issue number in the reference list entry.

Top

Article from Newspaper Website

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Full Date of Publication). Title of article. Newspaper Title. Retrieved from [home page URL]

Reference List Example:

Urbina, I. (2008, June 10). Coal country looks to natural gas. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

In-text Citation Example:

(Urbina, 2008)

Top

Newspaper Article from Electronic Database

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Full Date of Publication). Title of article. Newspaper Title, print page number. Retrieved from [URL from database's home or menu page]

Reference List Example:

Harmon, A. (2006, December 10). DNA gatherers hit a snag: The tribes don't trust them. New York Times, p. 1.1. Retrieved from http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=306&TS=1215038940&clientId=48293

In-text Citation Example:

(Harmon, 2006)

At this time newspaper articles rarely have a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) assigned to them. If your newspaper article does have a DOI, follow the reference list format below.

Not sure what a DOI is, and how to find it?

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Full Date of Publication). Title of article. Newspaper Title, print page number. doi:xxxxxxxxxxxx

Top

Website

Reference List Format:

Author's name. (Date of Posting/Revision). Title of website. Retrieved [date accessed], from [URL].

Reference List Example:

The White House, United States Government. (2006). Comprehensive immigration reform. Retrieved September 25, 2006, from http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/immigration/

In-text Citation Example:

(The White House, United States Government, 2006)

Top

Electronic Mailing List (LISTSERV)

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Date of Posting). Subject line of message [Msg message number]. Message posted to [Name of Electronic Mailing List] electronic mailing list, archived at [URL]

Reference List Example:

Abungu, L. (2007, April 13). Valuing ethnographic objects [Msg 155]. Message posted to ICME electronic mailing list, archived at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/icme/message/155

In-text Citation Example:

(Abungu, 2007)

Top

E-mail

E-mails (like other personal communication) are not included in the reference list; however, cite the e-mail in the text and include the author's initials in addition to the author's last name and provide a specific date.

In-text Citation Example:

(C. A. Roberts, personal communication, December 6, 2006)

As C. A. Roberts said in his e-mail ... (personal communication, December 6, 2006)

Top

Video from YouTube Website (unknown producer*)

Reference List Format:

Title of video [Video file]. (Date of Posting). Retrieved [date accessed], from [URL]

Reference List Example:

Fairfield University students at NASA [Video file]. (2007, June 20). Retrieved November 12, 2007, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tgq1FYuWd1c

In-text Citation Example:

(Fairfield University Students at NASA, 2007)

* Provide the producer or primary contributor only if you are sure that person created the video. Do not list the person posting the video online as the producer. If you are unsure, treat the citation as having no producer.

Video from YouTube Website (known producer*)

Reference List Format:

Name of Producer (Producer). Title of video [Video file]. (Date of Posting). Retrieved [date accessed], from [URL]

Reference List Example:

HAM Channel of Fairfield University (Producer). News64 - Feature on Craig Romney [Video file]. (2007, October 31). Retrieved November 13, 2007, from http://youtube.com/watch?v=kiUVGeTIw8g

In-text Citation Example:

(HAM Channel of Fairfield University, 2007)

Top

Ebook (Entire Book)

Follow the format and example below, if the ebook you are using is only available in an electronic format, or a print copy is difficult to find.

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of book. Retrieved from [database name or URL].

Reference List Example:

Martin, R. (2001). Beethoven's hair: An extraordinary historical odyssey and a scientific mystery solved. Retrieved from Ebrary database.

When a URL directs a person to a point of purchase for an ebook rather than the ebook itself, use "Available from" instead of "Retrieved from."

In-text Citation Example:

(Martin, 2001)

Top

Ebook (Chapter)

Follow the format and example below, if the ebook you are using is only available in an electronic format, or a print copy is difficult to find.

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of chapter. In A. A. Editor & B. B. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (Vol. X, (if using a multivolume work) pp. chapter page numbers). Retrieved from [database name or URL].

Reference List Example:

Dray, A. (1999). Vanilloids as analgesics. In J. Sawynok & A. Cowan (Eds.), Novel aspects of pain management: Opioids and beyond (pp. 117-134). Retrieved from NetLibrary database.

When a URL directs a person to a point of purchase for an ebook rather than the ebook itself, use "Available from" instead of "Retrieved from."

In-text Citation Example:

(Dray, 1999)

Top

Blog Posting

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Date of Posting). Title of blog post [Web log post]. Retrieved from [URL]

Reference List Example:

Simon, N. (2010, February 9). How different types of museums approach participation [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://museumtwo.blogspot.com

In-text Citation Example:

(Simon, 2010)

Blog Comment

Reference List Format:

Author, A. A. (Date of Posting). Re: Title of blog post [Web log comment]. Retrieved from [URL]

Reference List Example:

hds (2010, February 9). Re: How different types of museums approach participation [Web log comment]. Retrieved from http://museumtwo.blogspot.com

If the author of the comment has used a screen name, then use the screen name in your reference.

In-text Citation Example:

(hds, 2010)

Top

Personal Communication

Personal communication (such as letters, memos, e-mails, personal interviews and telephone conversations) are not included in the reference list. Cite the personal communication in the text, and include the author's initials in addition to the author's last name and provide a date as specific as possible.

In-text Citation Example:

(C. A. Roberts, personal communication, December 6, 2006)

As C. A. Roberts wrote in a letter ... (personal communication, December 6, 2006)

Top

Motion Pictures

Reference List Format:

Name of Originator or Primary Contributor (Function of Originator or Primary Contributor). (Copyright date). Title of motion picture [Motion Picture]. Motion Picture's Country of Origin: Name of Movie Studio.

Reference List Example:

Hitchcock, A. (Director/Producer). (1954). Rear window [Motion picture]. U.S.: Paramount Pictures.

In-text Citation Example:

(Hitchcock, 1954)

Top

Television Series

Reference List Format:

Name of Producer of Television Series (Producer). (Date). Title of television series [Television series]. Place of Origin: Studio Name.

Reference List Example:

Weiner, M. (Producer) and Weiner, H. (Producer). (1999). Journey to planet Earth [Television Series]. Washington, DC: Screenscope.

In-text Citation Example:

(M. Weiner & H. Weiner, 1999)

Top

Single Episode of Television Series

Reference List Format:

Name of Scriptwriter (Writer), & Name of Director (Director). (Date). Title of episode [Television series episode']. In Name of Producer (Producer), Title of television series. Place of Origin: Studio Name.

Reference List Example:

Weiner, H. (Writer/Director). (1999). Land of plenty, land of want [Television series episode]. In H. Weiner & M. Weiner (Producers), Journey to planet Earth. Washington, DC: Screenscope.

In-text Citation Example:

(Weiner, 1999)

Top

Music Recording

Reference List Format:

Writer, A. A. (Copyright Date). Title of song [Recorded by Name of Recording Artist if different from writer]. On Album title [Recording medium]. Location: Recording Company. (Recording date if different from copyright date)

For recording medium, use CD, record, cassette etc.

Reference List Example:

Chopin, F. (1990). Nocturne Op 55, No 2 [Recorded by V. Horowitz]. On The last recording [CD]. NY: Sony Classical.

In-text Citation Example:

(Chopin, 1990, track 5)

For the in-text citation, include the band or track number.

Top

Additional In-text Citation Examples

One Author (Books and Articles)

In-text Citation Example:

In a recent book about border patrols ... (Bigelow, 2006).

Bigelow (2006) discusses the Mexican immigrant experience.

The above formats are used for the authors of both books and articles

Top

Two Authors (Books and Articles)

In-text Citation Example:

(Mock & Parker, 1997)

Mock and Parker (1997) discuss the origins of family structure ...

Always cite both names every time you cite the work.

The above formats are used for the authors of both books and articles

Top

Three to Six Authors (Books and Articles)

In-text Citation Examples:

For the first in-text citation, cite all of the authors.

(Garner, Smith, & Piland, 1990)

Or:

Garner, Smith, and Piland (1990) discuss the origins of . . .

For subsequent in-text citations, cite the first author followed by et al.

(Garner et al., 1990)

Or:

Garner et al. (1990) discuss the origins of . . .

The above formats are used for the authors of both books and articles

Top

Six or More Authors (Books and Articles)

In-text Citation Format:

(Dacso, et al., 1995)

Or:

Dacso et al. (1995)

Use this format for the first in-text citation and subsequent citations.

The above format is used for the authors of both books and articles

Top

No Author

In-text Citation Examples:

(American Heritage Dictionary, 2000)

Or:

American Heritage Dictionary (2000)

For the in-text citation, use a few words of the title in place of the author's name. Italicize a book title and use double quotation marks around the title of an article or book chapter.

("Number of Out-of-Wedlock Births," 2006)

Top

No Date

Use n.d. in the place of the date.

In-text Citation Example:

(Roberts, n.d.)

Top

Personal Communication

In-text Citation Example:

(C. A. Roberts, personal communication, December 6, 2006)

Or:

C. A. Roberts (personal communication, December 6, 2006)

In addition to the author's last name, include the author's initials. Provide a date that is as specific as possible.

Top

Multiple Works in the Same Parenthesis

In-text Citation Example:

(Landau, 1989; Leja, 1993; Varnedoe, 1999)

When citing two or more works by different authors within the same parenthesis, list the authors alphabetically and separate each citation with a semicolon.

Top

Specific Part of a Print Source (Including Exact Quotes)

In-text citation examples:

(Walker, 1991, figure 2)

(Zelizer, 2003, chap. 1)

When quoting from a source, always give page numbers.

"No single memory reflects all that is known about a given event, personality, or issue" (Zelizer, 2003, p. 3).

Top

Specific Part of an Electronic Source (Including Exact Quotes)

If an electronic source does not provide page numbers, use the paragraph number if given. Precede the number with the paragraph symbol or the abbreviation para.

In-text Citation Examples:

(Smith, ¶ 2) or (Smith, para. 2)

If there are no page or paragraph numbers available, cite the section heading and count the paragraph number in which the citation falls.

In-text Citation Example:

"A key aspect of global Buddhism has been the exponential increase in the movement of Buddhism in the last five decades of the twentieth century, from Asia to Western nations" (Henry, 2006, Global Buddhism section, para. 2).

Top

The Bible and Other Classical Works

An entry in the reference list is not required for the Bible and other major classical works, such as Greek and Roman works (e.g. The Iliad). For the first in-text citation, identify the version of text you used.

In-text Citation Example:

John 3:16 (King James Version)

(John 3:16 King James Version)

Instead of page numbers, use the classical work's numbering system (books, chapters, verses, lines, cantos).

For subsequent in-text citations, you no longer need to identify the version used.

(John 3:16)

Top

Translated Work

In-text Citation Example:

(Freud, 1899/1999)

Include the original publication date and the date of the translation.

For some ancient works, the original publication date is not applicable. Instead use the translation year.

(Plato, trans. 2004)

Top

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

What is a DOI, and how do I find it?

A DOI is an alpha-numeric code that provides a persistent link to an article location on the Internet. With an HTML full-text article, the DOI is often found in the online citation of the article. With a PDF article, the DOI is often found on the beginning page of the article. Not all articles have a DOI.

Top | Electronic Journal Article | Newspaper Article from Electronic Database

Other Resources

For more examples and information on how to format your paper

Online Resources

The OWL at Purdue
APA Style Guide to Electronic References
Ebook

Print Resources

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6 ^th ed. (Ref. BF 76.7.P83 2010)
Concise Rules of APA Style (Ref. BF 76.7.C66 2005)

For addition help, contact a Reference Librarian

In-person at the Reference Desk
By phone at (203) 254-4000 ext. 2178
By e-mail at reference@fairfield.edu
Via Web chat (available 24/7) at http://www.fairfield.edu/library/lib_askalibrarian.html
By Instant Message at fairfieldulib (AOL and Yahoo) fairfieldulib@hotmail.com (MSN)

DiMenna-Nyselius Library

Research Assistance

APA Citations

Examples

No Author or Editor

Article from Journal Paginated by Volume*

Article from Journal Paginated by Issue*

Electronic Journal Article

Article from Newspaper Website

Video from YouTube Website (unknown producer*)

Video from YouTube Website (known producer*)

Ebook (Entire Book)

Ebook (Chapter)

Blog Posting

Blog Comment

Additional In-text Citation Examples

One Author (Books and Articles)

Two Authors (Books and Articles)

Three to Six Authors (Books and Articles)

Six or More Authors (Books and Articles)

Specific Part of a Print Source (Including Exact Quotes)

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Other Resources